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Ithrynluin
10-11-2003, 03:09 AM
Galadriel

...greatest of the Noldor...

...except Fëanor MAYBE ;), though she was wiser than he, and her wisdom increased with the long years.

Lady G, as I like to call her, is the greatest of Elven women, and my favourite character in all of Arda. She has a unique status among Elven women. She is not a passive observer , as most of Tolkien's female characters are, but a leader. In the last month of his life, Tolkien commented on Galadriel's commanding stature in Valinor already - 'the equal if unlike in endowments of Fëanor.

Passages describing Galadriel, both physically and mentally:

...she grew to be tall beyond the measure even of the women of the Noldor; she was strong of body, mind, and will, a match for both the loremasters and the athletes of the Eldar in the days of their youth. Even among the Eldar she was accounted beautiful, and her hair was held a marvel unmatched. It was golden like the hair of her father and of her foremother Indis, but richer and more radiant, for its gold was touched by some memory of the starlike silver of her mother; and the Eldar said that the light of the Two Trees, Laurelin and Telperion, had been snared in her tresses.
. She was proud, strong, and selfwilled, as were all the descendants of Finwë save Finarfin; and like her brother Finrod, of all her kin the nearest to her heart, she had dreams of far lands and dominions that might be her own to order as she would without tutelage. Yet deeper still there dwelt in her the noble and generous spirit of the Vanyar, and a reverence for the Valar that she could not forget. From her earliest years she had a marvellous gift of insight into the minds of others, but judged them with mercy and understanding, and she withheld her goodwill from none save only Fëanor. In him she perceived a darkness that she hated and feared, though she did not perceive that the shadow of the same evil had fallen upon the minds of all the Noldor, and upon her own.
She did not get her mother-name – Nerwen (meaning 'man maiden') - for nothing. Eärwen gave her this name because of her height and great strength of body and will. Her other names are Artanis, 'noble-woman', and Al(a)táriel (or the more common Sindarin rendition of this name – Galadriel), meaning 'maiden crowned with a garland of bright radiance' or 'Maiden crowned with gleaming hair'.

Galadriel is of very mixed origin, as are all the children of Finarfin. She is 1/2 Telerin, since Finarfin married Eärwen of Alqualonde, the daughter of Olwë brother of Thingol. She is 1/4 Vanyarin from her grandmother Indis. And finally, she is 1/4 Noldorin. Despite the predominant Telerin heritage, she is always considered to be a Noldo, and her pride and willfullness confirm her to indeed belong to the Deep Elves. Yet deep within her there resided the 'noble and generous spirit of the Vanyar'.

It is hinted at that Fëanor first got the idea of making a Silmaril when he first beheld the hair of Galadriel:

Many thought that this saying first gave to Fëanor the thought of imprisoning and blending the light of the Trees that later took shape in his hands as the Silmarils. For Feanor beheld the hair of Galadriel with wonder and delight. He begged three times for a tress, but Galadriel would not give him even one hair. These two kinsfolk, the greatest of the Eldar of Valinor, were unfriends for ever.
Galadriel's attitude about Fëanor and the rebellion of the Noldor:

and it is said here that so far from joining in Fëanor's revolt she was in every way opposed to him. She did indeed wish to depart from Valinor and to go into the wide world of Middle-earth for the exercise of her talents; for "being brilliant in mind and swift in action she had early absorbed all of what she was capable of the teaching which the Valar thought fit to give the Eldar," and she felt confined in the tutelage of Aman. This desire of Galadriel's was, it seems, known to Manwë, and he had not forbidden her; but nor had she been given formal leave to depart.
The history of Galadriel’s hubby Celeborn is a tad complicated. I will not get into it here, but will only touch upon the more relevant aspects concerning Galadriel herself.

In one version, the one that is more widely known and which is used in the Silmarillion, Galadriel departs with the rest of the Noldor, and is one of their leader, the only woman of the Noldor to stand tall and valiant that day. She meets Celeborn in Doriath and weds him (he is the grandson of Elmo, the brother of Elwë Thingol).

In the other more recent version, Galadriel meets Celeborn in Aman already. Here he is a prince of Alqualondë, the grandson of Olwë (Galadriel is also the granddaughter of Olwë). I do not think this is how Tolkien intended it to be, as the Elves did not wed such close kin. They depart separately from the rest of the Noldor, using Celeborn's ship and reaching Middle Earth sooner than Fëanor, sailing into havens where Círdan was lord.

It is said that Galadriel didn't see much hope in the war against Melkor, and together with Celeborn they decided that it would be wisest to establish a foothold further east beyond the Ered Luin:

Unfinished Tales; The History of Galadriel and Celeborn
In the years after they did not join in the war against Angband, which they judged to be hopeless under the ban of the Valar and without their aid; and their counsel was to withdraw from Beleriand and to build up a power to the eastward (whence they feared that Morgoth would draw reinforcement), befriending and teaching the Dark Elves and Men of those regions. But such a policy having no hope of acceptance among the Elves of Beleriand, Galadriel and Celeborn departed over Ered Lindon before the end of the First Age; and when they received the permission of the Valar to return into the West they rejected it.
There were many Noldor in their following, together with Grey-elves and Green-elves.
Celeborn and Galadriel came to be regarded as Lord and Lady of the Eldar in Eriador, including the wandering companies of Nandorin origin who had never passed west over Ered Lindon and come down into Ossiriand
In one version of the story, Amrod is said to have been their son, though this is highly unlikely.

Galadriel becomes aware of Sauron:

But eventually Galadriel became aware that Sauron again, as in the ancient days of the captivity of Melkor [see The Silmarillion p. 51], had been left behind. Or rather, since Sauron had as yet no single name, and his operations had not been perceived to proceed from a single evil spirit, prime servant of Melkor, she perceived that there was an evil controlling purpose abroad in the world, and that it seemed to proceed from a source further to the East, beyond Eriador and the Misty Mountains.
Celeborn and Galadriel therefore went eastwards, about the year 700 of the Second Age, and established the (primarily but by no means solely) Noldorin realm of Eregion. It may be that Galadriel chose it because she knew of the Dwarves of Khazad-dûm (Moria).
Galadriel was more far-sighted in this than Celeborn; and she perceived from the beginning that Middle-earth could not be saved from "the residue of evil" that Morgoth had left behind him save by a union of all the peoples who were in their way and in their measure opposed to him. She looked upon the Dwarves also with the eye of a commander, seeing in them the finest warriors to pit against the Orcs. Moreover Galadriel was a Noldo, and she had a natural sympathy with their minds and their passionate love of crafts of hand, a sympathy much greater than that found among many of the Eldar: the Dwarves were "the Children of Aulë," and Galadriel, like others of the Noldor, had been a pupil of Aulë and Yavanna in Valinor.
At this point, Celebrimbor emerges. The power of Celeborn and Galadriel grows, and she makes contact with 'Lórinand', probably assisted in this by her friendship with the Dwarves of Moria. Many Noldor and Sindar come to dwell there also.

Galadriel, striving to counteract the machinations of Sauron, was successful in Lórinand
When Sauron forges the One Ring, Celebrimbor goes to Galadriel for counsel. She advises him to hide the rings, and receives Nenya, the Ring of Water, into her keeping. It is said that this Ring of Adamant increased her latent longing for the Sea. After Sauron is initially defeated,

the sea-longing grew so strong in her that (though she deemed it her duty to remain in Middle-earth while Sauron was still unconquered) she determined to leave Lórinand and to dwell near the sea.
...
But at some later time Galadriel and Celeborn together with Celebrían departed from Imladris and went to the little-inhabited lands between the mouth of the Gwathló and Ethir Anduin.There they dwelt in Belfalas, at the place that was afterwards called Dol Amroth.
...
It was not until far on in the Third Age, when Amroth was lost and Lórinand was in peril, that Galadriel returned there, in the year 1981

Ithrynluin
10-11-2003, 04:33 AM
Galadriel received the Elessar, the green stone with healing powers (that Aragorn afterwards received) either from:

1. Olórin in the Third Age (this was the 'original' Elessar wrought in Gondolin and borne by Eärendil to Aman. Gandalf tells her it is a gift from Yavanna)

or from

2. Celebrimbor in the Second Age (who wrough it for her because he loved her)

In both cases she was longing for the Undying lands and desired a piece of Valinor in Middle-Earth.

Wielding the Elessar all things grew fair about Galadriel, until the coming of the Shadow to the Forest. But afterwards when Nenya, chief of the Three," was sent to her by Celebrimbor, she needed it (as she thought) no more, and she gave it to Celebrían her daughter, and so it came to Arwen and to Aragorn who was called Elessar.

The Third Age was a time of decline for the Eldar of Middle Earth.

Galadriel summoned the first White Council, and desired that Mithrandir be at the head of it. She was one of the chief movers of good and the resistance to Sauron.

Galadriel, together with Círdan and Elrond, was one of the few who knew the true origins of the Istari

She greatly helped the Fellowship both by giving gifts beyond the strength of kings, and by advice and the allaying of fears and giving of hope.

The Exiles were allowed to return – save for a few chief actors in the rebellion, of whom at the time of The Lord of the Rings only Galadriel remained. At the time of her Lament in Lórien she believed this to be perennial, as long as the Earth endured. Hence she concludes her lament with a wish or prayer that Frodo may as a special grace be granted a purgatorial (but not penal) sojourn in Eressëa, the solitary isle in sight of Aman, though for her the way is closed. Her prayer was granted – but also her personal ban was lifted, in reward for her services against Sauron, and above all for her rejection of the temptation to take the Ring when offered to her. So at the end we see her taking ship.

An interesting letter, supposing what would happen if one of the great ones had gotten the One Ring and challenged Sauron. Whether Galadriel would have been able to master the Dark Lord is unclear:

Of the others only Gandalf might be expected to master him – being an emissary of the Powers and a creature of the same order, an immortal spirit taking a visible physical form. In the 'Mirror of Galadriel', 1381, it appears that Galadriel conceived of herself as capable of wielding the Ring and supplanting the Dark Lord. If so, so also were the other guardians of the Three, especially Elrond. But this is another matter. It was part of the essential deceit of the Ring to fill minds with imaginations of supreme power. But this the Great had well considered and had rejected, as is seen in Elrond's words at the Council. Galadriel's rejection of the temptation was founded upon previous thought and resolve. In any case Elrond or Galadriel would have proceeded in the policy now adopted by Sauron: they would have built up an empire with great and absolutely subservient generals and armies and engines of war, until they could challenge Sauron and destroy him by force. Confrontation of Sauron alone, unaided, self to self was not contemplated. One can imagine the scene in which Gandalf, say, was placed in such a position. It would be a delicate balance. On one side the true allegiance of the Ring to Sauron; on the other superior strength because Sauron was not actually in possession, and perhaps also because he was weakened by long corruption and expenditure of will in dominating inferiors. If Gandalf proved the victor, the result would have been for Sauron the same as the destruction of the Ring; for him it would have been destroyed, taken from him for ever. But the Ring and all its works would have endured. It would have been the master in the end.

It is also hinted at that Galadriel played a part in allowing Gimli to sail West with Legolas:

We have heard tell that Legolas took Gimli Glóin's son with him because of their great friendship, greater than any that has been between Elf and Dwarf. If this is true, then it is strange indeed: that a Dwarf should be willing to leave Middle-earth for any love, or that the Eldar should receive him, or that the Lords of the West should permit it. But it is said that Gimli went also out of desire to see again the beauty of Galadriel; and it may be that she, being mighty among the Eldar, obtained this grace for him. More cannot be said of this matter.

In his letters, Tolkien comments on Galadriel's effort to explain to the Hobbits the meaning of Elvish magic:

I have not used 'magic' consistently, and indeed the Elven-queen Galadriel is obliged to remonstrate with the Hobbits on their confused use of the word both for the devices and operations of the Enemy, and for those of the Elves. I have not, because there is not a word for the latter (since all human stories have suffered the same confusion). But the Elves are there (in my tales) to demonstrate the difference. Their 'magic' is Art, delivered from many of its human limitations: more effortless, more quick, more complete (product, and vision in unflawed correspondence). And its object is Art not Power, sub-creation not domination and tyrannous re-forming of Creation. The 'Elves' are 'immortal', at least as far as this world goes: and hence are concerned rather with the griefs and burdens of deathlessness in time and change, than with death. The Enemy in successive forms is always 'naturally' concerned with sheer Domination, and so the Lord of magic and machines; but the problem : that this frightful evil can and does arise from an apparently good root, the desire to benefit the world and others — speedily and according to the benefactor's own plans — is a recurrent motive.

Another interesting piece of information, linking Galadriel to Christian images of the Virgin Mary:

Father Roben Murray, grandson of Sir James Murray (the founder of the Oxford English Dictionary) and a close friend of the Tolkien family, had read pan of The Lord of the Rings in galley-proofs and typescript, and had, at Tolkien's instigation, sent comments and criticism. He wrote that the book left him with a strong sense of 'a positive compatibility with the order of Grace', and compared the image of Galadriel to that of the Virgin Mary. He doubted whether many critics would be able to make much of the book – 'they will not have a pigeon-hole neatly labelled for it'

For instance I was born in 1892 and lived for my early years in 'the Shire' in a pre-mechanical age. Or more important, I am a Christian (which can be deduced from my stories), and in fact a Roman Catholic. The latter 'fact' perhaps cannot be deduced; though one critic (by letter) asserted that the invocations of Elbereth, and the character of Galadriel as directly described (or through the words of Gimli and Sam) were clearly related to Catholic devotion to Mary. Another saw in waybread (lembas)= viaticum and the reference to its feeding the will (vol. III, p. 213) and being more potent when fasting, a derivation from the Eucharist. (That is: far greater things may colour the mind in dealing with the lesser things of a fairy-story.)

I was particularly interested in your remarks about Galadriel. .... I think it is true that I owe much of this character to Christian and Catholic teaching and imagination about Mary, but actually Galadriel was a penitent: in her youth a leader in the rebellion against the Valar (the angelic guardians). At the end of the First Age she proudly refused forgiveness or permission to return. She was pardoned because of her resistance to the final and overwhelming temptation to take the Ring for herself.

Galadriel's thoughts on the Ents:

No one knew whence they (Ents) came or first appeared. The High Elves said that the Valar did not mention them in the 'Music'. But some (Galadriel) were [of the] opinion that when Yavanna discovered the mercy of Eru to Aulë in the matter of the Dwarves, she besought Eru (through Manwë) asking him to give life to things made of living things not stone, and that the Ents were either souls sent to inhabit trees, or else that slowly took the likeness of trees owing to their inborn love of trees. (Not all were good [words illegible]) The Ents thus had mastery over stone. The males were devoted to Oromë, but the Wives to Yavanna.

Sources:

The Lord of the Rings
The Silmarillion
Unfinished Tales
The History of Middle Earth XII: The Peoples of Middle Earth
The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien

Some of my favourite Galadriel paintings:

http://img-fan.theonering.net/rolozo/images/hildebrandt/galadriel.jpg

http://img-fan.theonering.net/rolozo/images/howe/galadriel.jpg

http://img-fan.theonering.net/rolozo/images/nikitin/galadriel.jpg

http://img-fan.theonering.net/rolozo/images/nasmith/galadriel_hobbits.jpg

http://img-fan.theonering.net/rolozo/images/eiszmann/lotr_phial.jpg

My personal favourite rendition of Galadriel of ALL TIMES is from Bakshi's 'The Lord of the Rings' (1978) animated film:

http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en/9/94/BakshiGaladriel.JPG